David Bowie, transformative musician and multi-dimensional artist, dies at 69

David Bowie, the barrier-breaking British rock musician and actor, has died at the age of 69, just days after releasing a critically acclaimed album on his birthday.

Bill Zysblat, his business manager of 34 years, confirmed to The Times that Bowie died Sunday after an 18-month battle with cancer.

Bowie never stopped innovating. Times reviewer Mikael Wood said of the new “★” album (“Blackstar” when said out loud) that it was “as fierce and unsettling — and sometimes as beautiful — as anything in Bowie’s one-of-a-kind catalog.”

During his initial rise in the 1970s, he produced an astonishing range of work, from cosmic folk (“Space Oddity”) and glam rock (“Ziggy Stardust”) to blue-eyed soul (“Young Americans”) and electronic experiments with Brian Eno (“Heroes”).

His stardom hit new heights in 1983 when he appeared on the cover of Time magazine with the worldwide success of “Let’s Dance.”

A statement posted to his official Facebook page said Bowie “died peacefully today surrounded by his family” and asked for privacy for his family during their time of grief.

Born David Jones, Bowie’s first musical instrument was the saxophone, and he became a fan of early rock by Little Richard, Fats Domino and Frankie Lymon. While in high school, a fistfight over a girl damaged his left pupil, leaving him with one blue eye and the other permanently dilated and appearing darker in color.

In the mid-1960s, he began recording folk and pop music with various units and for a variety of labels. He changed his name to David Bowie in 1966 (largely to avoid confusion with Davy Jones of the Monkees), and started dabbling in theater.

In 1969, he released the album “Space Oddity” with a title song that became his first U.K. top 10 hit. Under the influence of Marc Bolan, Bowie formed a short-lived glittery band called Hype with guitarist Mick Ronson and, on bass, Tony Visconti, who became a Grammy-winning producer and collaborator with Bowie through his final album. A version of that group would evolve into the musicians behind some of Bowie’s groundbreaking work at the beginning of the ‘70s, starting with “The Man Who Sold the World.”

He followed that with the flamboyant “Hunky Dory” in 1972, which included “Changes,” a single that defined the coming decade for Bowie, reaching No. 66 on the U.S. pop chart. The same year saw the debut of “The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders From Mars,” a concept album that fully ignited a cult following responding to its provocative rock and the glittery alien garb the band wore onstage.

He continued to record in that mode (the album “Aladdin Sane”) and produced Lou Reed’s breakthrough solo album “Transformer,” including the single “Walk on the Wild Side.” Bowie disbanded his Spiders From Mars in 1973. He soon began work on a musical translation of George Orwell’s “1984” but could not secure rights to the novel from the author’s heirs. He renamed the project “Diamond Dogs” (though some of the “1984” elements remained) and launched an elaborate tour.

Within a year, he transformed again to record the sultry blue-eyed soul of “Young Americans,” an album heavily influenced by Philadelphia R&B, though it also included “Fame,” an edgy funk collaboration with John Lennon. The song was Bowie’s first chart-topping single in the U.S.

In 1976, he performed his first major role as an actor, as the alien visitor in Nicolas Roeg’s “The Man Who Fell to Earth.” The same year he released “Station to Station,” which included the top 10 single “Golden Years.” He relocated to Berlin and began working with Eno on a trilogy of albums (“Low,” “Heroes” and “Lodger”) that often featured brooding electronics. In 1977, he appeared in another film, “Just a Gigolo,” alongside Marlene Dietrich and Kim Novak.

After a decade as a major cult figure and occasional hit-maker, Bowie reached a broad mainstream audience with 1983’s “Let’s Dance,” a modern dance-music collection produced by Nile Rodgers, with lead guitar from Stevie Ray Vaughan. In 1985, he recorded and filmed a duet with Mick Jagger on a new version of Martha and the Vandellas’ “Dancing in the Street,” in support of Live Aid.

After spending the ‘70s as a groundbreaking rocker, and then with the success of “Let’s Dance,” the remainder of the ‘80s were surprisingly fallow for Bowie. He formed a band called Tin Machine in 1989 and released two albums. In the ‘90s, Bowie appeared ready to experiment outside the mainstream again and released a series of albums as diverse as those from the 1970s, including “Earthling,” which dabbled in new-generation electronic dance music.

In 1992, he appeared in the David Lynch prequel “Twin Peaks — Fire Walk With Me.” He married supermodel Iman the same year. In 2002, he reunited with Visconti to record “Heathen.” And his songs (as performed by Seu Jorge) were part of the soundtrack to the 2004 Wes Anderson film “The Life Aquatic With Steve Zissou.”

After surgery in 2004 for a blocked artery, Bowie seemed to disappear. His last live appearance was a performance of “Changes” at a charity benefit in 2006.

Then in 2013 Bowie came out with a new album, “The Next Day,” which he had begun working on in 2011.

“Because of the secrecy around ‘The Next Day,’ it sounded like I was out of work for two years. I couldn’t mention it,” Visconti, his longtime producer, said just before the new album was released.

By contrast, “★” was recorded at light speed, in three sessions that took place in January, February and March 2015.

“When he was making records in the ‘70s and ‘80s, he was always on tour and living in hotel rooms, being a father — just too much pressure,” Visconti said. “He’d come into the studio with maybe two or three great songs. I know Nile Rodgers would tell you the same thing. Everyone who worked with him had the same experience. This used to frustrate me, as a producer. He comes in with no songs and says, ‘Let’s jam.’ I’d say, ‘Oh, no, how’s this gonna turn out?’”

Things were different on his most recent albums.

“‘Blackstar’ and ‘Next Day’ were stress-free, no problems,” Visconti said. “He comes prepared now. This is an old dog with new tricks. Now, by not announcing he’s making a record, he gives himself the time to be creative. Playing saxophone on these demos, bringing in radical guitar parts. He really is making music for himself these days. There’s no fluff about David Bowie anymore. There never was, really.”

The Times will have more on Bowie’s life and career.

Sasha Frere-Jones contributed to this report.

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